Position paper for Peru
| Committee: | GA First |
| Topic: | Reducing space threats through norms, rules and principles of responsible behaviours |
| Paper text: | |
| On October 4, 1957, the U.S.S.R. launched Sputnik 1, the very first official satellite. This
action marked the beginning of sixty-eight years of advancements in space technology.
Many member states and private actors have not only advanced making useful, even
essential, discoveries such as internet and telephone communication, GPS, and weather,
climate, and disaster forecasting, but also satellite weaponry. According to the United
Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, there are over 20,000 objects orbiting the earth,
quickly making the risk of a catastrophic collision inevitable.
There have been some treaties and conventions that have advanced the safety and responsibility of those space faring nations and private actors, including the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS), established in the 2023 Geneva Convention, which continues to agree on possible norms and principles for the future of member states space systems and forces. In addition to PAROS, the United Nations implemented an ad hoc Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS), which serves as a “Focal point for international cooperation in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space…” (United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, 2025). Another key advancement in establishing norms was in 1974 when the United Nations adopted the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched Into Outer Space, which called for space faring member states and private actors to register all objects launched into space to be registered with the secretary general. According to the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs, only 88% of all satellites, probes, landers, crewed spacecraft and space station flight elements launched from Earth have been registered with the secretary general. This is an amazing start, but we feel that we could do better. Peru urges member states and private actors to continue to register all objects that 1) have been launched into space, active or inactive, 2) are going to be launched into space before they have taken off. Sharing this vital information will continue the conversation of regulating norms, principles, and rules of space, and will hopefully attain Peru’s goal for the prohibition of the armament of outer space. National space forces have a responsibility to respect the environment and civilian safety. This, of course, is referencing simply armament, and not useful resources like satellites that offer communication, navigation, and crucial information about weather, climate change, and natural disasters. With that, we will continue our fight for technological autonomy as long as it is responsible and non- threatening. Technological autonomy promotes healthy advancement all over the world and could further aid world issues. As a non spacefaring nation, we would like to reiterate our hope for a peaceful, responsible, and nonthreatening space environment from an unarmed perspective.. | |
| Committee: | GA First |
| Topic: | The illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in all its aspects |
| Paper text: | |
| According to the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), an
estimated 240 billion USD in GDP will be lost strictly as a result of small arms and light
weapon related deaths between 2018 and 2030. Trafficking of small arms and light
weapons (SALW) have always been an area of concern for the United Nations through both
licit and illicit networks. In 1991, a General Assembly committee established the United
Nations Register of Conventional Arms (UNROCA) initiative. This was the very first
multilateral attempt to monitor the trafficking of all legal arms, including SALW (This
initiative was not created solely for SALW. It was an initiative that targeted major
conventional arms anywhere from category I: Battle tanks, to category VII: Missiles and
missile launchers.). The hope of this initiative was that this registration process would limit
the diversion of arms into illicit markets without detection. Additionally, the Programme of
Action to Prevent Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in
all Aspects (PoA) was adopted in 2001 to set norms and regulations for the legal trafficking
of firearms. This initiative would enhance enforcement against the unlicensed
manufacturing of arms and recommend that all legally produced firearms be marked with a
serial number and country of origin. Numerous initiatives have bolstered these attempts to
limit illicit trafficking, but more can always be done.
Peru is an active member of the Executive Workshop on Illicit Trafficking and Manufacture of Firearms and Ammunition organized by the United Nations Regional Centre for Peace, Disarmament, and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean (UNLIREC). Peru’s homicide rate increased 35.9% in 2024. Not only is this the largest ever rise in South America, 81% of those homicides were committed by firearms. We value the disarmament of SALW just as any Latin American state would. Latin America feels the weight of the uncontrolled illicit arms trade more than ever before. Now is the time to act. | |
| Committee: | GA Second |
| Topic: | Role of the United Nations in promoting development in the context of globalization and interdependence |
| Paper text: | |
| We affirm our commitment to advancing the principles of multiculturalism and sustainable development. Our nation, like the rest of the world, has endured the consequences of the pandemic’s economic disruptions. We believe that global inclusive economic growth must be based on the principles established in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/70/1). We reaffirm that equitable and sustainable economic progress requires ending poverty in all of its forms, reducing inequality, and advancing social and economic inclusion in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals. We call for a person centered development model that ensures human dignity and inclusion for marginalized communities. We also support the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), which advocates for an integrated global agenda that combines prosperity with social justice and environmental care, ensuring that no one is left behind. | |
| Committee: | GA Second |
| Topic: | Protection of global climate for present and future generations of humankind |
| Paper text: | |
| We firmly believe that the prosperity of our planet depends on collective and immediate
environmental action. We are highly exposed to climate change. Rising temperatures can
intensify El Niño, which can lead to extreme rainfall and flooding in coastal areas, worsen
drought in the Andes, and cause greater damage to agriculture, fisheries, and infrastructure.
This is why we advocate for urgent multilateral cooperation that prioritizes adaptation and
financial responsibility from all member states. We support the United Nations General
Assembly Resolution 76/205, which calls for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to keep global
warming below 2 degrees Celsius. We are committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050,
consistent with our Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement.
We emphasize the importance of renewable energy development, forest preservation, and
integrating indigenous knowledge systems into climate governance.
We urge member states to reform financial governance for equitable participation of developing countries. Establish debt relief and green funds for vulnerable economies, enhance tax cooperation, and ensure accessible climate finance. Promote clean energy and sustainable resource management alongside Indigenous and local communities. | |
| Committee: | GA Third |
| Topic: | Universal realization of the right of peoples to self-determination |
| Paper text: | |
| We recognise that the right of peoples to self-determination, and all that fall under the concerns of: freedom from external rule, the independence of peoples to decide own form of government and the liberties necessary to be an autonomous political entity – are essential aspects to the country's social cohesion, the country's sustainability, and the overall development and protection of human dignity. The United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), and subsequent international documents such as the International Covenants of 1966 all preserve the right to self-determination as an essential aspect of liberty, equality, and peace. Historically, this principle has guided several global movements for decolonization and has inspired the recognition of self- governance as a universal human right. However, despite its status as a core UN value, the realization of self-determination remains fraught and fragile with challenges and contradictions. The principle frequently conflicts with the doctrine of state sovereignty, essentially creating tension between the rights of peoples and the authority of existing governments. Many people still lack meaningful autonomy, particularly in non-self governing territories, where questions of governance and recognition persist. While the number of such territories have rapidly fallen from 78 in 1946 to 17 today, these challenges still remain in regions where foreign occupation, internal political repression, or mercenary activity threaten the right of people to govern themselves. Furthermore, indigenous populations have continued to struggle for recognition of their rights within established states. The 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples reaffirmed that these communities hold the right to self-determination, and yet, implementation continues to remain uneven due to unclear legal definitions and limited support institutionally. As a result, we urge member states to work alongside us, to further strengthen international foundations that safeguard the right of all peoples to self-determination. This includes promoting peaceful mediation and negotiation between states and groups, protecting indigenous autonomy within national contexts, and further ensuring that the UN’s monitoring of non-self-governing territories remains transparent and effective. We view self-determination as inseparable from development, social justice, and the overall preservation of peace. Therefore, we call upon the United Nations and Member States to not only establish a clear international mechanism for addressing claims of self- determination while respecting sovereignty, but; support UN mediation and peacekeeping missions unoccupied or disputed regions; empower indigenous and marginalized peoples through policy, education, and resource equity; and condemn foreign occupation and mercenary interference that obstruct legitimate self-governance. Through these actions, we envision a world where self-determination is universally respected amongst every nation – further enabling all peoples to live with dignity, independence, and peace. | |
| Committee: | GA Third |
| Topic: | Improvement of the situation of women and girls in rural areas |
| Paper text: | |
| Rural women and girls represent a significant portion of the global population and are
central agricultural production, food security, and the preservation of rural communities.
Yet, they continue to face systemic barriers; with their economic roles in agriculture and
community life undervalued, and lacking financial resources, digital technology, limited
ownership of land, healthcare, education and many more obstructions. Peru is committed
to ensuring gender equality and the empowerment of women, particularly in rural and
indigenous communities– as it is aligned with the principles of the Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women and the Beijing Declaration and
Platform for Action. These frameworks, alongside the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development, guide our ongoing efforts to eliminate discrimination and enhance
opportunities for both women and girls in rural areas.
Our diverse geography creates both opportunities and challenges for rural populations.
With a geography ranging from coastal plains to Amazonian forests, women in these areas
often experience intersectional barriers arising from gender inequality, geographic
isolation, and cultural marginalization. Particularly indigenous and rural women continue to
face persistent poverty, unequal access to education, and environmental degradation
caused by climate change. Even though we’ve made significant progress in reducing poverty
and improving primary education enrollment, disparities still remain. According to national
data, rural women have less access to land titles, agricultural credit, and resources than
their male counterparts. In addition, the impacts of climate change such as glacier retreat
and social erosion– pose evolving threats to rural livelihoods that depend heavily on said
agriculture. These challenges reflect the broader global issue identified by the United
Nations: rural women and girls continue to be disproportionately affected by poverty,
exclusion, and climate vulnerability. Despite international recognition of their vital
contributions, their empowerment continues to remain incomplete due to structural
inequalities in both national and global systems. Aligning our nation policies with
Sustainable Development Goal 5 (Gender Equality) and Goal 2 (Zero Hunger), we – the
Republic of Peru, emphasize that gender equality is indispensable for rural development
and sustainability. With priorities that promote equal access to education and training,
strengthen land and resource rights, enhance digital inclusion, build climate resilience, and
protect women from discrimination and violence– we call upon the United Nations to
collaborate in advancing the empowerment of rural women and girls through the expansion
of international cooperation, supporting infrastructure and connectivity projects, facilitating
including policy design, and integrating gender perspective into climate action. Peru
reaffirms its commitment to achieving gender equality and empowering rural women and
girls as a cornerstone of sustainable development. By expanding access to education,
technology, and land rights– we stand ready to cooperate with the international community
to advance shared goals and ensure sustainability and peace amongst all.
| |
| Committee: | GA Plenary |
| Topic: | Our ocean, our future, our responsibility |
| Paper text: | |
| Since the 1960’s, with new advancements in technology, Peru, in line with the United
Nations, has taken measures to protect and preserve the ocean. With efforts like the
London Convention and the UN resolution “Our Ocean, Our future, Our Responsibility,” We
and the rest of the member states are dedicated to preserving a healthy ocean. We are
alarmed by the increasing threats to marine ecosystems posed by illegal, unreported and
unregulated (IUU) fishing, plastic pollution, ocean acidification, and the impacts of climate
change on marine biodiversity, habitat loss, and overall degradation. Many countries within
the United Nations rely on the ocean for integral parts of their daily lives. We firmly believe
that international cooperation is paramount to the success of our mission.
We recognize the importance of cooperation, with our memberships in the Pacific Alliance and the CPPS. While also acknowledging our leadership as a founding member of the High Ambition Coalition for Nature and People and as a co-sponsor of regional marine initiatives in the Southeast Pacific. Many countries rely on the ocean for economic development in sectors that include fisheries, tourism, as well as emerging green and blue renewable energy and marine biotechnology. We urge fellow members of the United Nations to take measures with preservation of the ocean in mind. We strongly believe that our goals can be achieved through government intervention with preservation in mind. Policies such as marine protected areas are one of the best options for restoring and maintaining the oceans' well-being. Recalling the UN resolution passed on 13 December 2022, “Oceans and the law of the sea,” We strongly urge member states to act. Research shows that strong governance, in accordance with national legislation and international law, has the potential to influence human behaviours and reduce human-induced impacts on marine and coastal ecosystems. The UN declaration, “our ocean, our future, our responsibility” acknowledges the need for the establishment of these areas. This resolution noted the voluntary commitments by more than 100 Member States to conserve or protect at least 30 percent of the global ocean within Marine Protected Areas and other area-based conservation measures by 2030. | |
| Committee: | GA Plenary |
| Topic: | Strengthening of the coordination of emergency humanitarian assistance of the United Nations |
| Paper text: | |
| In recent decades, the rising threats of climate change and environmental degradation have
caused the frequency and intensity of natural disasters to increase worldwide. These
disasters have major humanitarian and economic impact on affected communities. We are
alarmed by the increasing threat these events pose, and strongly urge member states to act
on this issue. While we recognize the United Nations Office for the Coordination of
Humanitarian Affairs’ central role in emergency disaster response, the complexity and scale
of modern crises call for enhanced cooperation, improved early warning systems, and
greater inclusion of regional and local actors in humanitarian efforts.
We strongly support the strengthening of the UN’s coordination of humanitarian assistance, guided by the UN charter and previous resolutions agreed upon by this body. Recalling the UN resolution of 9 December 2024, “Strengthening of the coordination of emergency humanitarian assistance of the United Nations,” we encourage member states to act in accordance with the recommendations of this resolution. We firmly believe our goals can be achieved through enhanced regional cooperation, increased funding to disaster relief, improving early warning systems, and faster data sharing. We remain committed to working with the international community to strengthen the United Nations’ capacity for coordinated Humanitarian assistance. By fostering regional and international cooperation, increasing prevention measures, and increasing funding towards these efforts, the UN can ensure that humanitarian assistance is swift, effective, and sustainable. | |
| Committee: | IAEA |
| Topic: | Nuclear security |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Peru recognizes that nuclear security is a shared global responsibility essential to peace, sustainable development, and international stability. Although we hold no nuclear weapons, and do not use nuclear power for energy production, we still understand the threat that the misuse of nuclear technology poses to the whole world, and as a part of the world, we emphasize the importance of this committee. As a non-nuclear- weapon State Party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and the Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (A/CPPNM), We stand firmly committed to the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to preventing the misuse of nuclear and radioactive materials. We support the International Atomic Energy Agency’s leadership in promoting nuclear security through technical cooperation, capacity building, and peer review. The IAEA’s Integrated Nuclear Security Sustainability Plan (INSSP) provides valuable guidance for strengthening national frameworks. Peru has worked closely with the IAEA to enhance the security of its radioactive sources used in medicine, industry, and research. Continued international cooperation is essential to ensure that all States, especially developing nations, have access to resources and training to maintain effective nuclear security systems. We emphasize the importance of addressing emerging threats such as cyberattacks, insider risks, and the potential misuse of new technologies, including drones and artificial intelligence. The international community must share best practices and support transparent reporting under the A/CPPNM to ensure accountability and trust. Peru believes that when done properly, the establishment of nuclear safeguards should not infringe on member state’s right to harness nuclear technology for peaceful, scientific, and industrial means. | |
| Committee: | IAEA |
| Topic: | Strengthening the Agency's activities related to nuclear science, technology and applications |
| Paper text: | |
| We recognize the vital role that nuclear science and technology play in promoting
sustainable development, advancing health, improving agriculture, and protecting the
environment. As a developing nation and an active participant in IAEA initiatives, We
support strengthening the Agency’s efforts to ensure that all Member States—especially
those in the Global South—benefit from the peaceful applications of nuclear science.
We have long utilized the IAEA’s Technical Cooperation Programme to expand both scientific and technical capabilities. Through collaboration with the IAEA and regional mechanisms such as the Regional Cooperative Agreement for the Advancement of Nuclear Science and Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean (ARCAL), Peru has developed programs in cancer treatment, food safety, water resource management, and environmental monitoring. The continuation and expansion of these programs are essential to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We support the IAEA’s Medium Term Strategy (2024–2029) and initiatives such as the Zoonotic Disease Integrated Action (ZODIAC) and NUTEC Plastics projects, which demonstrate how nuclear technology can address global health crises and environmental challenges. The IAEA’s Collaborating Centres and the Peaceful Uses Initiative (PUI) are also critical tools for ensuring access to nuclear science and technology in developing countries. We believe that strengthening international partnerships, including South-South and Triangular Cooperation, will help Member States share knowledge, build infrastructure, and ensure safety and sustainability in nuclear applications. Peru reaffirms its commitment to working with the IAEA to promote peaceful and safe access to nuclear technology for the benefit of all humanity. | |
| Committee: | CND |
| Topic: | Promoting alternative development as a development-oriented drug control strategy that is sustainable and inclusive |
| Paper text: | |
| Around 300 million people a year are negatively affected by drug trafficking, organized
crime and terrorism as a result of illicit cultivation. Drug trafficking harmed not only
humans, but also the economic, social and cultural pillars of society. As a representative of
the Commission On Narcotic Drugs, our goal is to help create fair and effective drug
solutions, combating the issues relating to narcotic drugs.
Drug laws in the past only focused on destroying illegal plants and arresting all participants.
We are deeply concerned that these old solutions only punished and did not fully address
the root of the problem of illicit drug cultivation. Peru recognizes that member states are
depending on illegal drug cultivation as the only viable means of economic sustainability.
Peru calls for development.
We see this as a way to help communities grow in a legal and sustainable way. This plan
connects drug control with fighting poverty and providing education and promoting social
inclusion.
We as Peru strongly encourage small farmers and communities affected negatively by illicit cultivation to be involved in the planning and implementing of all alternative development programs. We hope that there be more legal ways for farmers in member states to earn money. This will help them stay away from illegal crops and give them a safe and efficient way to earn money. Peru also urges that all progress be monitored including checking for environmental and institutional performance to match national goals. We are committed to addressing the problems that illicit drug cultivation is causing through sustainable solutions. We encourage local participation, making sure communities have a voice in designing projects that fit their unique needs. By promoting alternative development, Peru is helping turn drug-dependent regions into stronger, self-sufficient, and sustainable communities. | |
| Committee: | CND |
| Topic: | Promoting comprehensive and scientific evidence-based early prevention |
| Paper text: | |
| We recognize that effective drug prevention is the foundation to sustainable public health
and development policy. Peru supports the International Standards on Drug Use Prevention
as endorsed by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODOC) and the World
Health Organization (WHO), which emphasize evidence-based, comprehensive, and early
interventions. The RES 65/4 emphasized the global need for coordinated and science-based
demand reduction. Guided by these frameworks, Peru views early prevention as essential
for strengthening families, protecting youth, and fostering resilience within communities.
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime & World Health Organization have shown how global drug prevention initiatives have often faced challenges such as insufficient reliance on scientific evidence, limited data collection and evaluation, and a lack of coordination among health, education, and social sectors. To address these factors, the UNODC has developed practical tools such as the Review of Prevention Services (RePs) and the Children Amplified Prevention Services (CHAMPS). These frameworks help countries assess prevention systems and strengthen early childhood and family-based interventions. As a Member State, we place a strong emphasis on early education and community health and support these frameworks as they align closely with our national drug strategy and the broader objectives of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/70/1). Peru calls upon the United Nations to strengthen technical support for Member States implementing evidence-based prevention frameworks. Specifically, Peru advocates for the expansion of RePS and CHAMPS across Latin America, increased funding for research and capacity building, and integration of the International Standards on Drug Use Prevention into CND monitoring and evaluation processes. In effect, prioritizing preventive education and youth engagement in Member States, we can reduce risk factors associated with substance use. By promoting early, data-based, and coordinated action, Member States can collectively build more resilient communities and reduce global drug demand sustainably. | |
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