Position paper for Pakistan
| Committee: | GA First |
| Topic: | Reducing space threats through norms, rules and principles of responsible behaviours |
| Paper text: | |
| Pakistan holds that outer space must remain the common heritage of humankind and free from the weaponization that would threaten international peace and security. Pakistan has consistently supported the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space, as reaffirmed by GA resolutions 76/230 (2021) and 78/222 (2023), and views the establishment of a legally binding treaty as essential. The United Nations has taken important steps, such as the 2019 Long-Term Sustainability Guidelines adopted by the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, and the Open-Ended Working Group on Responsible Space Behaviors. However, these remain voluntary, and agreement is weak. Pakistan supports the recent momentum in favor of a ban on destructive anti-satellite testing which is the act of militaries interfering with or destroying satellites using weapons, echoing calls by the UN Secretary- General in the 2023 “Our Common Agenda” policy brief. Pakistan proposes that the following measures should be the action plan at the conference: Negotiate a comprehensive and legally binding treaty under the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space that bans all forms of anti-satellite weapons in space and destructive anti-satellite test; Establish clear state responsibility over private space actors which ensures transparency and liability in accordance with the 1972 Liability Convention; Expand capacity-building initiatives and technology-sharing programs to ensure equitable access to outer space; Strengthen confidence-building measures such as mandatory registration of launches and data exchange on near-Earth objects. We believe that the execution of these policies is essential to reducing space threats around the globe. | |
| Committee: | GA First |
| Topic: | The illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in all its aspects |
| Paper text: | |
| The uncontrolled circulation of small arms and light weapons brings conflict, terrorism, and organized crime which harms civilians, including women and children. Pakistan stresses that control of SALW is key to international security and development. While the UN Programme of Action (2001), the International Tracing Instrument (2005), and the Arms Trade Treaty (2013) have laid out the groundwork for this, implementation remains inconsistent. Many states do not have the ability to properly secure their stockpiles, marking, and tracing systems, while ammunition has little to no regulation. The United Nations has taken steps through meetings of states in 2021 and in 2022, as well as regional conventions, and through the work of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNDOC) in addressing trafficking networks. However, illegal trade remains widespread, partly due to bad enforcement and the failure to address causes of issues like poverty and insecurity. Pakistan goes back to the statement of the Secretary-General in 2019, saying that SALW “remain weapons of choice in today’s conflicts,” showing the importance of action on this issue. Pakistan proposes that the following measures should be the action plan at the conference: Strengthen marking, tracing, and record-keeping systems, with assistance for those lacking proper methods, using UN resources, as well as allies and regional partners; Extend regulations to cover ammunition and transfers, currently the weakest link in the SALW document; Strengthen cooperation between UN member states, with an increase in information sharing, border security, and ways to monitor these illegal arms; Promote proper disarmament initiatives, that follow UN resolutions and procedure; Address key factors which increase illegal arms trade, with poverty reduction, counter-terrorism, and increasing government capacity, in line with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development; Establish stricter policies relating to arms brokers, through licensing and registries, to help stop illegal sales. We believe that these policies will help to curb potential illegal arms trade, taking place throughout the globe. | |
| Committee: | GA Second |
| Topic: | Role of the United Nations in promoting development in the context of globalization and interdependence |
| Paper text: | |
| Thanks to unprecedented advances in technology, we are seeing massive global economic growth. It is unfortunate that this growth is not something that is mutely shared between everyone. Globally, many countries are struggling to reach their Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Sustainable development is not cheap, and many countries don't have the monetary or material resources to progress forward. They need the investment from the UN if we are to reach our goals and create a better life for their citizens and, by proxy, the world. Low and middle income countries should not be left behind as the rich and powerful nations develop. If the world develops unsustainably, we will only be incurring an environmental debt that the future generations will have to pay. The UN has always been focused on growth through international cooperation. This can be seen in anything from programs like the Technical Assistance for Economic Development program in 1948 to the 1960s being named the Development Decade to more recent efforts like 17 SDGs. The UN is currently implementing programs like the UNDP 4 trillion dollar challenge and the Strategic plan of 2022-2025. Pakistan has been working closely with several countries, mainly China, to both improve the welfare of our citizens. Internally, we have been working to our agriculture industry and generate more clean energy. Together, these will strengthen both our economy and our environment. This could be a possible path forward for other developing countries, but without UN assistance, development could be timely and troublesome. We can only make progress in developing the human race if the progress is global, no country should be left behind. Everyone has a right to development, and it is our duty to ensure that everyone has the resources they need to do so. | |
| Committee: | GA Second |
| Topic: | Protection of global climate for present and future generations of humankind |
| Paper text: | |
| The climate change issue is very important to us as we are one of the countries that has been impacted the most by this crisis. Massive floods have destroyed our farms and communities because of the rising temperatures and sea levels. This is an urgent emergency that requires immediate action. We encourage member states to continue to try to reduce carbon emotions, increase biodiversity, and to reduce pollution. Increasing our investment in clean energy is one of the best pathways to reach our emission reduction targets. Past efforts by the UN to solve the climate crisis has been numerous. The 1972 Action plan for the environment, the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, the 1992 UNFCCC, and then later the Paris Agreement are just a few examples of the efforts made thus far. Still more needs to be done. The several states plan to contribute 300 billion to developing countries by 2035. Pakistan emits less than 1 percent of global emissions, yet we are expanding our use of clean energy. Those who are contributing the most to the climate crisis ought to pay the most, as to protect those suffering the most. Monetary aid is helpful, but also emergency support services to help the developing countries that are being hit the hardest. The Paris Agreement goals still have yet to be met. Fossil fuels still make up a large portion of our global energy usage and are one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gasses in our atmosphere. Investing in clean energy and phasing out fossil fuels is necessary for our future. Finally, remaining transparent and holding ourselves accountable to our actions will help us build public trust will help facilitate our actions in building a better tomorrow. | |
| Committee: | GA Third |
| Topic: | Universal realization of the right of peoples to self-determination |
| Paper text: | |
| We firmly believe in the importance of people's rights to self-determination, while respecting state sovereignty. We stress self-determination above state sovereignty in cases of human rights violations and those under colonial rule. We continually support the UN Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, the Universal Realization of the Right of the People to Self-determination, and the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights. We call on this committee to work in coordination with the Human Rights Council to strengthen and increase the frequency of monitoring human rights violations. We would like to affirm our full support for the Kashmiri and Palestinian people in their struggle for the inalienable right to self-governance. We believe that continued human rights violations by states that govern over people seeking self-determination, like India, are one of the main factors hindering the international community from protecting and promoting the rights of people seeking self-determination. As described by our Prime Minister on January 5, 2025, “It is time for the international community, including the United Nations, to live up to their promises and take meaningful measures, enabling the people of Jammu and Kashmir to exercise their inalienable right to self-determination. The international community must also call for the immediate cessation of human rights violations, the release of political prisoners, and the restoration of fundamental rights and freedoms of the Kashmiri people.” We ask that the responsible states end any human rights violations and foreign domination. As noted by our ambassador, “The imperative of decolonization is not merely a matter of history; it remains an urgent demand of justice for peoples still living under alien domination and foreign occupation.” We call for all member states to uphold their promises, take meaningful measures, end the occupation of Kashmir and all non-self-governing territories, and support their right to self-governance as stated in the UN Charter and International Law. | |
| Committee: | GA Third |
| Topic: | Improvement of the situation of women and girls in rural areas |
| Paper text: | |
| We firmly believe that the stagnation and loss of progress in achieving gender equality in rural areas must be reversed. Currently, according to the UNEP-WCMC, over a third of employed women are working on agriculture, forestry and fisheries but less than 15% of landholders are women. As a result, rural women are often less able to access land, credit, agricultural inputs, markets and high value agrifood chains, and obtain lower prices for their crops. With the overwhelming support of member states regarding A/RES/78/279, recognizing the year 2026 as the Year of the Woman Farmer, it is crucial now more than ever that women and girls be read their rights as the land owners and maintainers of the world. In order to reach this goal, there are two pillars laid out that we believe will enhance the understanding of the rights of rural women and girls as stated in A/RES/78/279: recognizing the need to empower all women and girls through inclusive and equitable quality education and training to promote on-farm activities, and stressing the importance of promoting women’s empowerment economically as land owners. A report issued by Women’s Land Rights (WLR) noted that economic security benefits of WLR are strongly supported by evidence and can help to shift women into a position of stronger economic equality, as well as a stronger social standing within various nations by gaining agency, mobility, and social standing within their respective communities. It is imperative that all member states adopt a model of inclusive and socially responsible governance. We strongly encourage all member states to remember their promise to the 5th Sustainable Development Goal, especially target 5.A, sections 1 and 2: female land rights ownership and the equal rights to land ownership. As stated by UN Women Executive Director, Ms. Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, said, “It’s time to make women’s contributions to a healthy environment visible.” | |
| Committee: | GA Plenary |
| Topic: | Our ocean, our future, our responsibility |
| Paper text: | |
| With oceans under threat from human activity and the overall effects of climate change,
international cooperation is needed to protect our oceans. Most importantly, the overall
issue of climate change cannot be ignored, and the future of the oceans is deeply connected
to this issue, making it the responsibility of all nations to protect them. The 1972 Convention
on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Waste and the UNCED conference in
1992 have helped establish guidelines for sustainable use of the oceans and foster
cooperation between member states. These conferences set examples for cooperation
between governments, which can be continued in the future. Going forward, continuing to
hold conferences focusing on the ocean is imperative to build opportunities for cooperation
and to update and renew commitments to sustainability.
We call for immediate action to further progress towards Sustainable Development Goals 14 and 15 to combat climate change and protect our oceans. Recent efforts towards ocean conservation have focused on raising funds that are needed to continue. Without collective funding, the international community cannot properly address issues of habitat loss, ocean acidification, and ecosystem degradation. The Agreement on Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction provides guidelines for the conservation and sustainable use of ocean areas outside of national jurisdiction. It’s an example of the agreements and cooperation needed to protect the oceans. By providing rules for protecting biodiversity, using area-based management tools, and taking other steps to promote sustainability, it provides actionable guidelines to protect the oceans. Further international and regional agreements can be used to set guidelines and steer nations toward sustainable use of the Oceans and promote cooperation. As a developing country, we believe that each state has its own responsibilities when protecting the environment, and those that have contributed significantly to the problems facing the planet need to take responsibility based on their capabilities. | |
| Committee: | GA Plenary |
| Topic: | Strengthening of the coordination of emergency humanitarian assistance of the United Nations |
| Paper text: | |
| We agree with the assessment that emergency humanitarian aid continues to get more
complex and increasingly limited resources are making humanitarian aid efforts more
difficult, as stated in resolution A/RES/79/140. The Global Humanitarian Overview for 2025
predicted 305.1 million people would need aid, but proper coordination of aid can be
lacking. The Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs and the Central Emergency
Response Fund coordinate aid and rapid response to disasters, help countries facing
disasters, but a reduction in funding from member states is making aid response more
difficult. As resources for humanitarian aid become more strained, increased cooperation is
needed more than ever.
SDG 17, Partnership for the Goals, is relevant in this regard as increased partnership and assistance for the world’s developing countries are needed. We call for member states to strengthen their cooperation with OCHA and other members to ensure proper funding for aid can be obtained, and it can reach where it is most needed. We support risk reduction, focusing on preparedness and prevention. Helping developing countries prepare to properly respond to disasters is essential, and responding to crises is not enough. Humanitarian aid should be given to help countries develop proper programs for disaster response. As stated in resolution A/ES-10/L.25, the crisis in Gaza has exposed issues with getting humanitarian aid into areas of conflict. We support the resolution calling for member states to uphold their legal and humanitarian obligations and to increase coordination to protect civilians. The resolution sets forth goals for the Emergency Relief Coordinator countries efforts to strengthen coordination and improve dialogue with all Member States. Using the coordinator to start the process of encouraging states to increase involvement with Humanitarian aid seems like a logical step in increasing cooperation and addressing funding issues. Current drops in funding and increased needs for aid or conflict zones and developing countries in general make it imperative that these efforts to increase cooperation take effect immediately so rapid responses to crisis can be coordinated. | |
| Committee: | HSC-1994 |
| Topic: | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Paper text: | |
| The violent fallout of the disintegration of Yugoslavia has resulted in the necessity of Global
peacekeeping initiatives in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The United Nations Protections Force
(UNPROFOR) requires continued support and expansion if the international community
wishes to bolster headway towards peace in the region. The Islamic Republic of Pakistan
refuses to sit idly by while international disputes become atrocities.
Pakistan supports Resolution 871 to extend the peacekeeping mandate from Resolution 844 in the former Yugoslavia. The enforcement of demilitarized zones should be furthered to prevent future brutality; however, in the event of violence, Pakistan is concerned that the arms embargo originally placed in Resolution 713 will prevent Bosniaks from being able to defend themselves and will further enable Bosnian Serbs to take lethal action against the Bosniaks. The arms embargo disproportionately impacts Bosniak forces because Serb forces have more avenues for weapons acquisition. The international community should re- examine the bounds for which the sanctions are imposed to create an equal playing field between afflicted parties, which in turn will encourage diplomatic peace negotiations. Concurrently, Pakistan supports strengthening sanctions on Serb forces and the newly formed Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which are the perpetrators of the conquest of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Pakistan affirms that the UN Security Council has a responsibility to take action at the onset of international breaches of peace. A concerted effort should be made to increase the capacity of the UNPROFOR to encourage the swift and effective quelling of the situation. Pakistan condemns any violation of the safe areas designated by Resolution 819 and 824. Furthermore, Pakistan supports escalating the involvement of NATO and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) as these international organizations will have a powerful influence over conflict management that doesn’t necessitate neutrality. UN Peacekeeping forces should remain neutral parties with the goal of enforcing peace, distributing aid, and protecting safe areas. Pakistan believes it should be of utmost importance for the UN to assist with renegotiating the alliance between the Bosniaks and Bosnian-Croats. It should be a priority to eliminate as many micro-conflicts within the war so that diplomacy between the governments of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia can be more easily achieved. Furthermore, Pakistan supports the territorial integrity of all former Yugoslav nations. Maintaining sovereign borders should be a key commitment for the UN when negotiating peace agreements. At the sunset of the conflict, Pakistan believes it to be imperative that bad actors and war criminals face international scrutiny and prosecution. Furthermore, the international community has a responsibility to aid future rehabilitation and reconciliation efforts. The conflict in the Balkans has taken enough lives. Through the cooperation of the international community against bad actors, Pakistan believes peace accords are well within reach. | |
| Committee: | HSC-1994 |
| Topic: | The Situation in Rwanda |
| Paper text: | |
| As tensions between ethnic groups grow, Pakistan urges the international community to
accelerate stabilization efforts in Rwanda. The humanitarian toll of this conflict is alarming,
with over a million Rwandans displaced. As a member of the United Nations Security Council
and a nation with a firm commitment to peacekeeping, Pakistan upholds the principles of
sovereignty, conflict resolution through dialogue, and the protection of civilian lives. In
addition to the peacekeeping efforts undertaken by the UN, Pakistan believes that member
states with a greater involvement in the conflict should step up to provide more direct
assistance in suppressing tensions.
Pakistan encourages the Security Council to promptly reexamine the execution of the The Broad-Based Transitional Government (BBTG) as established in the Arusha Accords. The prolonged formation of this transitional government is only igniting greater hostility, and it may be time to facilitate the establishment of a more agreeable path towards peace with the consent of the Rwandan government and the RPF. Pakistan supports Resolution 846 and Resolution 872 and affirms the need for international intervention. Pakistan commends the ongoing monitoring of the ceasefire to help implement peace. Fortunately, the UNAMIR has proven successful so far. If diplomatic efforts within the government continue to be fruitful, Pakistan would support withdrawing peacekeepers from Rwanda to be utilized in other situations. Pakistan believes in expanding the resources and scope of UN peacekeeping operations, as managing multiple situations simultaneously is becoming increasingly challenging given the current limited peacekeeping capacity. Pakistan is calling upon member states to increase the capabilities of the UN peacekeeping force to ensure unilateral respect for humanitarian law. We call for an expansion of peacekeepers on the ground in, with the purpose of protecting civilians and distributing humanitarian aid. Additionally, Pakistan calls for more overall involvement from our similarly geographically situated countries in providing financial assistance as well as peacekeeping troops. The catastrophic humanitarian toll has made it the UN’s responsibility to monitor the situation in Rwanda and ensure a path to peace. | |
| Committee: | HSC-1994 |
| Topic: | The Situation in Somalia |
| Paper text: | |
| In a country facing complete anarchy and chaos to the point where aid agencies, expatriates,
and foreign embassies are unable to operate, Pakistan believes it is our place to take charge
in working towards a solution to this conflict. Especially given the large Pakistani population
residing in Somalia.
Pakistan recognizes and encourages the development of past resolutions that have contributed to the country's growth, such as Resolution 794, which led to the deployment of 3,500 personnel, and acknowledges the work that this committee has done to reach our shared goal of peace. Pakistan acknowledges that this conflict affects all of our countries; however, we stress that the state of Pakistan is heavily linked to the state of Somalia, given the close geopolitical, economic, and historical ties that the countries have, in addition to the numerous Pakistani lives that have been lost as a direct result of the conflict. Pakistan believes that the March 3, 1992, ceasefire, in partnership with Resolutions 886 and 814, is a mere stepping stone that must be built upon to resolve this conflict effectively. It is for this reason that Pakistan urges an expansion of the personnel sent under the United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM) II by all member states, as outlined in Resolution 886 from 1993, to strengthen the support of personnel. We urge this in light of the attacks on UNOSOM as addressed in Resolution 885 and given the mission of the UNOSOM task force to begin with, the operation won’t truly be complete until the goals of restoring law and order, disarming factions, and assisting in the formation of a transitional government have been truly and utterly fulfilled. Recognizing the crucial role that the 1992 ceasefire has played in slowing down the conflict and allowing limited aid into the country for the first time in years. Pakistan believes that we must continue to invest and support this agreement, given that the expansion of aid and troops is not possible without this continuing commitment to the ceasefire agreement. A diplomatic solution to secure peace is within sight, so long as the international community commits to investing in the future of growth and unity. | |
| Committee: | SC-A |
| Topic: | The Situation in the Middle East, Including the Palestinian Question |
| Paper text: | |
| The Palestinian question remains one of the most enduring challenges before the United
Nations. Since the implementation of General Assembly’s Resolution 181, Palestinian
peoples have faced displacement, occupation, and questioning of their rights to self-
determination and governance. The continued Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories
since 1967, such as the East Jerusalem, the Gaza Strip, and West Bank, constitutes a clear
violation of international law as ruled by the International Court of Justice on December
30th, 2022. The Islamic Republic of Pakistan reaffirms its unwavering support for the
Palestinian cause and the establishment of an independent and sovereign state of Palestine,
based on the pre-1967 borders with Al Quds Al-Sharif as Palestine’s capital. Pakistan’s stance
is firmly rooted in legality and in Security Council Resolutions such as 446, 465, and 2334; all
of which condemn Israeli’s settlements in occupied territories and express that their
occupation is devoid of legal validity.
Pakistan acknowledges the recently proposed 20-point Gaza peace plan presented by the United States, which outlines steps including a ceasefire, prisoner exchanges, phased withdrawal, disarmament, and reconstruction of Gaza. While Pakistan supports all genuine international efforts aimed at ending hostilities and alleviating the humanitarian crisis, these initiatives must align with the principles and frameworks established by the United Nations and the consensus among Muslim states. Pakistan reiterates that a just and durable peace can only be achieved through a comprehensive solution consistent with international law, ensuring the establishment of an independent and sovereign State of Palestine based on pre-1967 borders. Pakistan expresses deep concern over the continued Israeli settlement expansion, forced evictions, and the ongoing blockade of Gaza, which are inconsistent with obligations under the Fourth Geneva Convention. The deteriorating humanitarian situation displays the severe urgency of the need for unimpeded access to humanitarian assistance and the protection of Palestinian civilians. Pakistan urges the Security Council to ensure the full implementation of its resolutions, demand an immediate ceasefire, support the two-state solution following the United Nations framework, and strengthen humanitarian aid through UNRWA. Pakistan further calls for accountability for all violations of international law. Pakistan firmly believes that lasting peace and stability in the Middle East cannot be achieved without justice for the Palestinian people and the realization of their right to self-determination and statehood. | |
| Committee: | SC-A |
| Topic: | The Situation in the Sudans |
| Paper text: | |
| Sudan's long serving dictator was overthrown by the military; however, a civil war was ignited when the two factions of the military turned
against each other. War crimes were committed on both sides. Furthermore, the IPC reported to the security council that the deliberate
continuation of this crisis has created a man-made famine. Pakistan deeply condemns humanitarian law violations towards civilians and calls
on all parties in Sudan to confine to the Jeddah Declaration and those who’ve committed crimes must be held responsible. Pakistan calls for a
cessation of hostilities, and an immediate ceasefire by the parties to resolve the conflict with peaceful political dialogue. However, Pakistan is
also skeptical of claims of famine presented by the IPC for Sudan’s Government has questioned the quality of their reporting. Nonetheless,
Pakistan still recognizes there is indeed a food security situation in Sudan. Pakistan encourages collaboration between the Sudanese
government and the international community in addressing this humanitarian conflict. An essential way this could look like is by helping to
allocate the 36% funding gap. While Pakistan is committed to a conflict resolution and accountability for perpetrators, these goals must be
fulfilled by the international community collaborating with the Sudanese government. Collaboration must create solid infrastructure for
Sudan's national justice systems. Doing so would ensure future stability in Sudan while preserving its national sovereignty. Pakistan has
recently voted along with all the other members of the security council resolution 2791 (2025) that shares our concerns for the atrocities
committed and mandates the Panel of Experts until October of 2026 and affirms sanctions until September of 2026.
Pakistan stands with the people of South Sudan and hopes for its peace and development. That is why Pakistan is concerned regarding the slow progress of developing a clear plan for unification of forces, transitional security arrangements, and constitution making. Pakistan is as well deeply concerned over the humanitarian situation that is leaving millions vulnerable. Pakistan endorses the African Union's calls for session of hostilities and de-escalation in order to return to a state of dialogue. The arrest of vice president Riek Machar poses serious risks to the revitalized agreement, the same agreement that made meaningful yet fragile progress towards peace. Pakistan calls for the release of the vice president and other SPLMAIO leaders in order to help foster an environment of trust in order to bring about peace. Pakistan praises the UNMISS peacekeepers efforts in peace, stability, and development of South Sudan and expects South Sudan to cooperate with the UIMISS in order to meet these goals. Pakistan as well fully supports the UNISFA mandate and condemned along with all the other council members the actions of the RSF detaining UN peacekeepers. However, peacekeeping efforts have been neglected in recent years by the UN. Pakistan calls on funding gaps for peacekeepers to be bridged. Furthermore, Pakistan calls on civilian protections to be prioritized despite financial strains. In addition, due to increased risk peacekeepers face, attacks on them must be investigated and perpetrators must be held accountable. | |
| Committee: | SC-A |
| Topic: | Threats to International Peace and Security |
| Paper text: | |
| The Islamic Republic of Pakistan expresses deep concern over the escalating hostilities
between Israel and Islamic Republic of Iran, which poses a great threat to both regional and
international peace. The ongoing airstrikes, assassinations, and retaliatory missile attacks
risk creating a broader conflict across the Middle East, destabilizing an already fragile region.
Pakistan emphasizes that the Israeli airstrike against the Iranian consulate in Syria was a
clear violation of the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations as well as the 1963
Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. These attacks undermine international law and
normalize violations of territorial integrity, contrary to the obligations affirmed in General
Assembly Resolution 2625 (1970) on the principle that States should settle their disputes by
peaceful means and ensure that international peace, justice, and security are not
endangered.
Pakistan firmly condemns all acts of aggression and emphasizes that acts of force shall never come before acts of diplomacy between feuding nations. The recent airstrikes on Iranian nuclear facilities by Israel and the United States endangered civilian lives, violated UN Charter article 2 (4), and violated international law. Furthermore, the deliberate targeting of nuclear installations risks catastrophic humanitarian and environmental consequences and undermines the authority of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The breakdown of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) has exacerbated mistrust and has escalated tensions among regions. Pakistan urges all parties, particularly the United States and Iran, to return to full compliance with the JCPOA, consistent with UN Security Council Resolution 2231 (2015). Pakistan also calling for countries to work together through the UN to restart talks and ensure that nuclear technology is used peacefully. In light of recent developments, Pakistan welcomes the ceasefire between Israel and the Islamic Republic of Iran and emphasizes the necessity of its full implementation and continued observation. The Security Council must reaffirm its primary responsibility under the United Nations Charter to maintain international peace and security, support constructive dialogue between the parties, and strengthen mechanisms for regional de- escalation. Pakistan reiterates that adherence to international law, respect for sovereignty, and the pursuit of diplomacy over force remain essential to preventing renewed hostilities and restoring lasting stability to the Middle East. | |
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